17 Aug Acne Scar Treatment in Singapore, the Complete Doctor’s Guide (2026)
By Dr Rachel Ho | Aesthetic Doctor, Founder, The Skin Longevity Clinic, Singapore
Acne Scar Treatment in Singapore, the Complete Doctor’s Guide (2026)
Dr Rachel Ho is an aesthetic doctor and the founder of The Skin Longevity Clinic. She holds an MBBS from the National University of Singapore, the MRCS (Edinburgh) and a Master of Medicine, with more than 16 years of clinical experience spanning facial reconstructive surgery and aesthetic medicine. Her work has been featured in Vogue Singapore, Harper’s Bazaar, CNA Lifestyle and The Straits Times. She also writes about skincare science at drrachelho.com.
Acne scar treatment in Singapore works best when it is planned around your scar types, not around a single machine or injectable. Most patients carry a mix of ice pick, boxcar and rolling scars, so the most reliable results usually come from combining treatments. Subcision releases tethered scars, energy-based resurfacing remodels texture, and regenerative injectables rebuild collagen in the dermis, sequenced over six to twelve months.
The rest of this guide explains how I reach those decisions in practice. It covers how to identify the kind of scarring you actually have, what each treatment does and what it will not do, what the published evidence supports, what treatments typically cost in Singapore, and how I sequence them safely in Asian skin.
I have spent more than 16 years in clinical practice, beginning in facial reconstructive surgery before moving into aesthetic medicine, and acne scarring remains one of the most common and most commonly mistreated concerns I see. Patients rarely fail because no treatment works. They fail because the wrong treatment was matched to the wrong scar type, or because a single treatment was asked to do a job that needs three.

Can acne scars be removed completely, and how long does treatment take? Complete erasure should not be promised. Well-planned combination programmes commonly run for six to twelve months, with the cost depending on the scar pattern, procedures, sessions and treatment area.
Acne scar treatment at a glance
Acne scar treatment at a glance
| Question | My answer |
|---|---|
| Can acne scars be removed completely? | No treatment reliably erases scars. Well-planned combination programmes achieve visible improvement, and anyone promising full removal is overselling. |
| What is the best acne scar treatment? | There is no single best option. Rolling scars usually need subcision, ice pick scars need TCA CROSS, boxcar and textural scars respond to fractional CO2 laser or RF microneedling, and volume loss needs collagen biostimulators. |
| How long does treatment take? | Most combination programmes run 6 to 12 months, because collagen remodelling rather than the procedure itself produces the result. |
| How much does it cost in Singapore? | Individual sessions typically range from S$250 (TCA CROSS) to S$1,500 (RF microneedling and some injectables). |
| Is treatment safe for Asian skin? | Yes, when planned for it. The risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in Fitzpatrick III to V skin shapes my device choices, settings and aftercare. |
What are acne scars, and are yours actually scars?
Acne scars, which many patients in Singapore search for as pimple scars, are permanent structural changes in the dermis left behind after inflamed acne heals. Pimple scars and acne scars mean the same thing, and the advice in this guide applies equally to both. True scars are textural, meaning the skin surface is depressed, tethered or raised. They differ from acne marks, the flat red or brown discolouration that follows a pimple, which usually fades with time and responds to entirely different treatments.
This distinction is the first fork in the road, and getting it wrong wastes both money and downtime. Post-inflammatory erythema (PIE) describes flat red or pink marks caused by dilated capillaries and is more common in fairer skin. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) describes flat brown marks caused by excess melanin and is very common in Asian skin. Structural scars are actual changes in skin texture, such as depressions, pits, tethering or raised tissue.
A simple check at the mirror can help. Press a clean fingertip or a glass slide over the area. Redness that blanches, meaning it fades with pressure, suggests PIE. Brown staining that persists under pressure suggests PIH. Anything you can see as a shadow under overhead lighting, such as a dent, pit or undulation, is structural. I cover marks in detail in my guide to pico laser for acne scars, acne marks and pigmentation. This guide focuses on structural scars.
One more prerequisite. Active acne must be controlled before scar treatment begins. Resurfacing skin that is still breaking out is like renovating a house while the roof still leaks, because new scars form as fast as old ones are treated. If you are still getting inflamed breakouts, start with my comprehensive guide to acne treatments.

How can you tell acne scars from acne marks? Ice pick, boxcar and rolling scars change the texture and structure of the skin. Red post-inflammatory erythema and brown post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation are flat colour changes and require a different treatment approach.
The types of acne scars, and why most people have several
Atrophic or depressed scars account for the large majority of acne scarring, and they come in three patterns.
Ice pick scars are narrow, deep, V-shaped pits, as if the skin were punctured by a sharp instrument. They are usually under 2mm wide but extend deep into the dermis, which is why surface-level treatments barely touch them.
Boxcar scars are broader, sharply demarcated depressions with defined edges, U-shaped rather than V-shaped. They are most visible in side lighting and respond well to resurfacing.
Rolling scars are wide, shallow undulations that give skin a wave-like texture. Fibrous bands tether the skin surface down to deeper tissue, and until those tethers are released, no amount of surface resurfacing will lift them.
Hypertrophic and keloid scars are raised rather than depressed. They are thickened scar tissue that grew beyond the wound, more common on the jawline, chest, shoulders and back. These are treated completely differently, usually with steroid injections and silicone therapy, and are covered on my scar treatments page.
In more than a decade and a half of practice, I can count on my fingers the patients who presented with only one scar type. Mixed scarring is the norm. For a deeper look, including how to identify your own scar pattern at home, read my full guide to the types of acne scars.

Why do single acne scar treatments often disappoint? Tethered scars first need release, defined pits and uneven texture need resurfacing, and depleted scar beds can benefit from carefully selected collagen or matrix support. Each step performs a different job.
Why single acne scar treatments disappoint
Almost every disappointed patient who comes to me from elsewhere has the same history. They bought multiple sessions of one treatment, usually a laser, as a package before their scar types were ever mapped. The laser was not the problem. The plan was.
I find it useful to think of comprehensive scar revision as three distinct jobs.
The first job is release. Tethered rolling scars are held down by fibrous bands, and subcision severs these bands so the surface can lift. No energy device does this job well from above.
The second job is resurfacing. Boxcar edges, textural irregularity and shallow pitting respond to controlled dermal injury that triggers collagen remodelling. This is the territory of the fractional CO2 laser and RF microneedling, with TCA CROSS for ice pick pits.
The third job is rebuilding. Atrophic scars sit in a dermis that is thinner and poorer in collagen than it should be. Regenerative injectables, including polynucleotide (PDRN) injections, PDLLA-HA hybrid skinboosters, PLLA collagen biostimulators and ECM skinboosters, supply the biological raw material and stimulus for longer-term dermal repair.
This is not just my preference. A 2026 network meta-analysis of 56 randomised trials covering nearly 1,500 patients found combination treatments generally outperform single treatments for atrophic acne scars, with fractional CO2 laser plus subcision among the most consistently effective pairings. Not every patient needs all three jobs done. But every patient deserves to know which of the three their scars require before anyone sells them a package.
Subcision for tethered and rolling scars
Subcision is a minor procedure in which a fine needle or blunt cannula is passed under the skin to sever the fibrous bands tethering a rolling scar downwards. Released from below, the depression lifts, and the controlled healing response beneath it stimulates new collagen. It is often the single highest-yield step for rolling scars, and the most commonly skipped.
It works best for rolling scars and any depression that flattens when the skin is stretched. It is not effective for ice pick scars. Most patients need one to five sessions spaced 3 to 6 weeks apart, commonly three or more for established rolling scars, with bruising and swelling for roughly 3 to 7 days. The technique evidence favours the cannula. A randomised trial of 100 patients found cannula subcision produced greater satisfaction, shorter recovery and no scarring, while nearly one in five patients treated with needle subcision developed some scarring. A cannula also covers larger areas with fewer entry points, while a needle keeps its place for precision work on focal tethers. I frequently pair subcision with RF microneedling or an injectable biostimulator, because releasing a scar and then supporting the space with new collagen can reduce the chance of the tether re-forming. That logic is now backed by trial data, as subcision combined with a cross-linked filler gave meaningfully better results than subcision alone in a randomised comparison.
TCA CROSS for ice pick scars
TCA CROSS stands for chemical reconstruction of skin scars using trichloroacetic acid. High-strength acid, typically 70 to 100%, is applied precisely into the base of each ice pick scar with a fine applicator. The focal injury collapses the pit’s walls and stimulates collagen from below, gradually shallowing the scar over repeated sessions.
It is the standard answer for ice pick scars and small, deep boxcar pits, the scars everything else struggles with. The published results are strong for such a simple technique. In a randomised split-face trial, focal high-strength trichloroacetic acid improved atrophic scars by about three quarters on average after four sessions, slightly ahead of microneedling on the comparison side. Most patients need 2 to 4 sessions, each producing small scabs over treated pits for 5 to 7 days. Because the injury is confined to the scar itself, TCA CROSS is usable across skin tones, though temporary darkening over treated spots is common and manageable, which is another reason aftercare and sun protection are non-negotiable. In darker skin I lean towards lower acid concentrations, which trials suggest deliver similar results with fewer complications. Market pricing of roughly S$150 to S$400 per session makes it one of the most cost-efficient steps in any programme.
Fractional CO2 laser, the resurfacing workhorse
The fractional CO2 laser is an ablative laser at 10,600nm that creates thousands of microscopic columns of controlled thermal injury, leaving intact skin between them to speed healing. As those columns repair, the dermis remodels. Boxcar edges soften, shallow pits fill and overall texture smooths. Among energy devices it carries the deepest published evidence base for atrophic acne scars.
It suits boxcar scars, shallow atrophic scarring, generalised textural irregularity and enlarged pores. Most programmes involve 3 to 6 sessions, with visible results building over 6 to 12 weeks after each one. Downtime is about 5 to 7 days of redness, pinpoint crusting and roughness. Ablative resurfacing carries a real PIH risk in darker skin, so in my practice settings matter more than the machine. I use conservative density and energy, staged treatment and disciplined pigment care before and after each session.
Market pricing runs S$300 to S$1,500 per session. Heavily discounted single sessions advertised from around S$98 are best understood as marketing entry points rather than scar programmes. Read more in my guide to the fractional CO2 laser for acne scars and on the clinic’s fractional CO2 laser treatment page. I have also written a broader overview of lasers in aesthetic dermatology on my personal site.
RF microneedling, dermal remodelling suited to Asian skin
Radiofrequency (RF) microneedling delivers energy through insulated microneedles directly into the dermis, heating precisely where collagen remodelling is needed while sparing the epidermis above. That epidermis-sparing design is why it has become my preferred resurfacing option for patients at higher PIH risk.
The comparative evidence is worth knowing, and it is unusually consistent. A Cochrane review found that both approaches improved scars by a little over half on average, with no meaningful difference between them, but redness and scaling lasted roughly ten days after the laser versus under a week after radiofrequency, and about one in three patients developed temporary darkening on the laser side while none did on the radiofrequency side. A 2026 meta-analysis of 17 studies reached the same conclusion, with roughly three times the pigmentation risk on the laser side. For darker Asian skin tones that risk profile is often the deciding factor.
It suits rolling and boxcar scars, scarring with skin laxity, PIH-prone skin and patients whose acne is controlled but still flare-prone. Most programmes involve 3 to 5 sessions spaced 4 to 6 weeks apart, with roughly 1 to 3 days of redness and mild swelling. Market pricing runs S$500 to S$1,500 per session. Read more in my guide to RF microneedling for acne scars, the clinic’s radiofrequency microneedling page, and my head-to-head comparison of subcision, fractional CO2 and RF microneedling.
Regenerative injectables, rebuilding the dermis
The newest and most heavily marketed category in acne scar treatment is the regenerative injectable. These deserve a clear-eyed explanation, because they are genuinely useful and genuinely oversold. None of them replaces subcision or resurfacing. Their role is the third job, rebuilding dermal quality and collagen so that released, resurfaced skin heals to a higher standard and holds its result. I group them into three families by mechanism.
Polynucleotide (PDRN) injections
Polynucleotides are DNA-fragment biomolecules derived from salmon that act on fibroblasts, support new blood vessel formation and modulate wound repair. They do not add volume. They improve the biological quality of healing tissue. A more viscous polynucleotide formulation is designed specifically for injection beneath depressed scars. Protocols typically involve 3 to 4 sessions spaced 3 to 4 weeks apart, with injection-point bumps visible for 24 to 72 hours. The evidence base is young but genuinely encouraging. A randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of 20 women with moderate to severe atrophic acne scars found polynucleotide injections meaningfully improved measured dermal quality and patient satisfaction at one and three months, while the saline side did not improve. It remains a smaller evidence base than lasers command, which is why I position polynucleotides as an adjunct within a combination plan rather than a standalone fix. Market pricing runs S$600 to S$1,500 per session. My full guide covers the evidence in detail at polynucleotide (PDRN) injections for acne scars, and the clinic’s PDRN skinboosters page covers the treatment itself. I have also compared polynucleotide healers with conventional skinboosters on my personal site.
PDLLA and PLLA collagen biostimulators
Poly-lactic-acid microparticles trigger a controlled foreign-body response that builds new collagen over weeks to months. The family spans three clinically distinct tools. Superficial PDLLA-HA hybrid skinboosters use small, faster-degrading PDLLA particles carried in non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid, delivered as intradermal microdroplets for shallow scars, pores and fine texture, with minimal downtime over 2 to 3 sessions. An open-label prospective trial of intradermal PDLLA delivered over four sessions reported improvement of a little over a third on a validated acne scar scale, with about eight in ten patients satisfied, and biopsies at five months confirmed the particles had biodegraded while collagen and elastic fibres increased. I wrote an honest guide to PDLLA for acne scars covering this in depth. Volumising PDLLA-HA formulations carry a higher PDLLA ratio with larger particles, placed deeper for atrophic scarring with genuine volume deficit, with results building over 8 to 12 weeks and typically lasting 18 to 24 months. PLLA collagen biostimulators have the longest track record in the family, with FDA approval since 2004 and aesthetic indications added later. Acne scar use is off-label but has been studied since 2007, and a Canadian phase II study of 22 patients reported much-to-excellent improvement in roughly half to two thirds of patients over 3 to 4 sessions, with a single palpable nodule in the whole group. Placement is deeper, results build over 2 to 3 months, and correction of rolling scars has been reported to last up to four years. A nodule risk exists and is managed with correct dilution, placement and massage.
Choosing within this family is a depth-and-volume decision. My guides to PDLLA-HA hybrid injectables and PLLA collagen biostimulators walk through the logic, and the clinic’s collagen biostimulator treatments page covers the category.
ECM (hADM) skinboosters
The most recent arrivals are extracellular matrix (ECM) skinboosters derived from micronised human acellular dermal matrix (hADM), which is decellularised human dermis retaining collagen types I, III, IV and VII along with elastin and matrix proteins. Rather than only signalling repair or stimulating collagen, they deliver matrix components directly while also activating fibroblasts. Typical protocols involve 2 sessions about 4 weeks apart with minimal downtime. The evidence deserves honest framing. A double-blind randomised trial of 202 patients found micronised dermal matrix matched an established collagen filler for facial folds, with biopsies showing collagen deposition and fibroblast activity, but no dedicated randomised trial has yet tested it against acne scars, and current evidence-based scar guidance does not yet include it. I therefore offer ECM boosters as a promising adjunct for scar-bed quality rather than a proven standalone scar treatment. Market pricing runs S$950 to S$1,200 per session. See my comparison of ECM skinboosters and collagen biostimulators for acne scars and my earlier article on ECM skinboosters for acne scars, pores and under-eyes.

Which treatment suits each acne scar type? Subcision releases rolling scars, TCA CROSS targets narrow ice pick scars, fractional carbon dioxide laser and RF microneedling remodel texture, while PDRN, PDLLA, PLLA and ECM treatments can support selected shallow scars and scar-bed quality.
Every acne scar treatment compared
Every acne scar treatment compared
| Treatment | Job | Best scar types | Typical sessions | Downtime |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subcision | Release | Rolling, tethered, distensible | 1 to 5 | 3 to 7 days (bruising) |
| TCA CROSS | Resurface (focal) | Ice pick, small deep boxcar | 2 to 4 | 5 to 7 days (spot scabs) |
| Fractional CO2 laser | Resurface | Boxcar, shallow atrophic, texture, pores | 3 to 6 | 5 to 7 days |
| RF microneedling | Resurface and remodel | Rolling, boxcar, laxity, PIH-prone skin | 3 to 5 | 1 to 3 days |
| Polynucleotides (PDRN) | Rebuild (repair signalling) | Shallow depressed scars, scar-bed quality | 3 to 4 | Bumps 24 to 72 hours |
| PDLLA-HA skinbooster (superficial) | Rebuild (collagen) | Shallow scars, pores, fine texture | 2 to 3 | Minimal |
| PDLLA-HA (volumising) | Rebuild (collagen and volume) | Atrophic scars with volume loss | 2 to 3 | Minimal to mild |
| PLLA biostimulator | Rebuild (collagen and volume) | Rolling or atrophic with broader deficit | 2 to 3 | Minimal to mild |
| ECM (hADM) skinbooster | Rebuild (matrix) | Scar-bed quality, early evidence | 2 | Bumps 24 to 48 hours |
Ranges are typical Singapore market figures for orientation, not clinic pricing, and combinations, areas and severity change the arithmetic considerably.

How does Dr Rachel Ho build an acne scar treatment plan? The sequence depends on the dominant scar pattern, depth, tethering, skin quality, pigmentation risk, downtime tolerance and budget. Treatment is reviewed after each stage rather than fixed around a standard package.
How I build an acne scar treatment plan
Every plan at The Skin Longevity Clinic starts the same way. I map the scars under directed lighting, use a stretch test to identify distensible scars that will respond to subcision, have an honest conversation about downtime tolerance and budget, and confirm that active acne is controlled. Then the sequence is built around the three jobs. Three illustrative examples follow.
For predominantly rolling scars with tethering, which is very common, subcision comes first with 1 to 2 sessions, because releasing tethers unlocks everything downstream. RF microneedling follows every 4 to 6 weeks to remodel, with an injectable biostimulator layered in to support the released scars. The typical arc is 6 to 9 months.
For mixed ice pick and boxcar scarring, TCA CROSS cycles for the ice pick pits run in parallel with the fractional CO2 laser at conservative settings in darker skin, or RF microneedling, for the boxcar component. The typical arc is 6 to 12 months.
For shallow scarring with poor skin quality and enlarged pores, RF microneedling forms the backbone, with a superficial PDLLA-HA skinbooster or polynucleotide series to rebuild dermal quality. Downtime stays light throughout, and the typical arc is 4 to 6 months.
Two principles run through all three. Sequence matters, so release comes before resurfacing, resurfacing before final rebuilding, with adequate spacing so each collagen cycle completes. And review beats package-buying. I would rather reassess after each stage and adjust than lock a patient into ten pre-sold sessions of anything.

Is acne scar treatment safe for Asian skin? Treatment can be performed safely when post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation risk is planned for. Epidermis-sparing options, conservative energy settings, pigment preparation, suitable treatment intervals and sun protection all influence recovery.
Treating acne scars in Asian skin
Most of my patients are Fitzpatrick type III to V, and pigmentary safety shapes every plan I write. Melanin-rich skin responds to aggressive thermal injury with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and trading dents for dark patches is not a good bargain.
In practice that means preferring epidermis-sparing technology such as RF microneedling where PIH risk is high, running ablative lasers at conservative density and energy over more sessions rather than maximal settings over few, preparing skin with pigment-regulating care before energy treatments where indicated, and treating sun protection as part of the prescription rather than an afterthought. Slower, in Asian skin, is very often faster.

What results can acne scar treatment realistically achieve? The evidence reviewed in this guide supports visible improvement rather than complete erasure. Well-planned combination programmes can produce approximately 50 to 75 percent improvement on formal scar scores, with outcomes varying according to scar type, severity, treatment response and adherence.
What results can acne scar treatment realistically achieve?
Honest expectation-setting is the part of a scar consultation most worth paying for. Across randomised trials of combination treatment, well-planned programmes commonly achieve improvement in the range of 50 to 75% on formal scar scores, depending on scar types, severity and adherence, and some patients do better. That is meaningful, confidence-changing improvement visible in ordinary light. What no ethical doctor promises is perfection. Deep ice pick scars shallow rather than vanish, and skin that has scarred once heals differently forever.
Timelines run on collagen, not calendars. Each resurfacing or biostimulator cycle matures over 6 to 12 weeks, which is why programmes span months and why photographs at consistent lighting and angles, which we take at every review, matter more than the mirror on any given morning.
Clinical summary
Acne scars are not one condition but several, and no single treatment addresses them all. Rolling scars need release by subcision, ice pick scars need TCA CROSS, boxcar and textural scarring needs resurfacing with the fractional CO2 laser or RF microneedling, and depleted scar beds benefit from regenerative injectables such as polynucleotides, PDLLA or PLLA biostimulators and ECM skinboosters. Because most patients carry mixed scar types, results come from diagnosing the pattern first and sequencing treatments over 6 to 12 months, with device choices and settings adjusted for the PIH risk that comes with Asian skin. Combination programmes commonly deliver improvement of 50 to 75% on formal scar scores, and complete erasure should not be promised by anyone.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the best acne scar treatment in Singapore?
There is no single best treatment, only the best-matched combination. Rolling scars need subcision, ice pick scars need TCA CROSS, boxcar and textural scars need fractional CO2 laser or RF microneedling, and depleted scar beds benefit from regenerative injectables. A clinic recommending one treatment for everything is usually selling equipment rather than outcomes.
Can old acne scars still be treated?
Yes. Scars from ten or twenty years ago respond to the same release, resurface and rebuild logic as recent ones. The age of the scar matters far less than its type.
How many sessions will I need?
Most combination programmes involve 4 to 10 sessions across treatments over 6 to 12 months. The number depends on your scar mix and severity.
Is acne scar treatment painful?
Topical numbing, with local anaesthetic for subcision, keeps procedures very tolerable. Expect sensation rather than suffering. Most patients rate RF microneedling and laser sessions as mild to moderate discomfort.
Can acne scar treatment be done while on isotretinoin?
Often yes, for fractional treatments. A 2017 consensus in JAMA Dermatology found the historic 6-to-12-month waiting rule rested on a handful of 1980s case reports, and current guidelines accept fractional laser and similar procedures during or shortly after isotretinoin. Fully ablative resurfacing is still deferred for around six months. Timing remains an individual discussion based on the procedure, dose and how your skin heals.
Is acne scar treatment Medisave or insurance claimable in Singapore?
No. Acne scar treatment is considered cosmetic and is not Medisave or insurance claimable in Singapore.
Do skinboosters alone remove acne scars?
No. Regenerative injectables improve scar-bed quality and shallow scarring, but they cannot release tethered scars or resurface defined edges. They are the third job, not the whole job.
Why does the clinic not publish fixed prices?
Because a meaningful quote can only follow a diagnosis. Two patients with acne scars can need entirely different programmes with entirely different costs. Market ranges appear in the table above and in my cost guide, and your own quote takes a short assessment.
Selected References
- Abdel Hay R, et al. Interventions for acne scars. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;4:CD011946. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011946.pub2
- Ou Y, et al. Laser, microneedling, and combination therapies for moderate to severe acne atrophic scars: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 2026. doi:10.1007/s00266-026-06165-8
- Nilforoushzadeh MA, et al. Comparing cannula-based subcision with the common needle method: a clinical trial. Skin Research and Technology. 2020;26(1):39-44. doi:10.1111/srt.12761
- Araco A, Araco F. Preliminary prospective and randomized study of highly purified polynucleotide vs placebo in treatment of moderate to severe acne scars. Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 2021;41(7):NP866-NP874. doi:10.1093/asj/sjab125
- Sapra S, et al. A Canadian study of the use of poly-L-lactic acid dermal implant for the treatment of hill and valley acne scarring. Dermatologic Surgery. 2015;41(5):587-594. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000000366
- Hyeong JH, et al. Intradermal injection of poly-D,L-lactic acid using microneedle fractional radiofrequency for acne scars: an open-label prospective trial. Dermatologic Surgery. 2022;48(12):1306-1311. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000003627
- Zhang C, et al. Safety and efficacy of micronized acellular dermal matrix injection for correction of moderate to severe nasolabial folds: a double-blind, multicenter, randomized controlled, non-inferior clinical trial. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. 2026;50(10):3710-3719. doi:10.1007/s00266-025-05494-4
- Kim EY, et al. Evidence-based management of cutaneous scarring in dermatology part 2: atrophic acne scarring. Archives of Dermatological Research. 2023;316(1):19. doi:10.1007/s00403-023-02737-9
- Spring LK, et al. Isotretinoin and timing of procedural interventions. JAMA Dermatology. 2017;153(8):802-809. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.2077
- Leheta T, et al. Percutaneous collagen induction versus full-concentration trichloroacetic acid in the treatment of atrophic acne scars. Dermatologic Surgery. 2011;37(2):207-16. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01854.x
Written, medically reviewed and expert opinion by Dr Rachel Ho, The Skin Longevity Clinic. This article is for general information and does not replace a medical consultation. To discuss your own scar pattern, book a consultation at The Skin Longevity Clinic, 9 Scotts Road, #06-05 Scotts Medical Center, Pacific Plaza, Singapore 228210, tel +65 6514 2688, or via the contact page.